A turbulebt Time The 1905 Revolution


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

A turbulebt Time The 1905 Revolution

A Turbulebt Time:  It was still an autocracy and the Tsar was not subject to Parliament. During the revolution of 1905, social democrats and socialist revolutionaries worked with the peasants and workers to demand a Constitution. They were supported in the empire by nationalists (e.g. In Poland) and in Muslim-dominated areas by jadidists, who wanted modernised Islam to lead their societies.

A Bad Time for Russian Workers: The year 1904 was bad for Russian workers because of increase in prices of essential goods. Then the real wages declined by 20 per cent. The membership of workers’ associations rose dramatically

When four members of the Assembly of Russian Workers (formed in 1904) were dismissed at the Putilov Iron Works, there was a call for industrial action.

Over the next few days, over 110000 workers in St Petersburg went on strike. They demanded a reduction in the working hours to eight hours, an increase in wages and improved working conditions. On Sunday , 22nd January , 1905 the workers of Russia led by the Father Gapon reached the winter palace of the Tsar to present a petition. but they were fired at discriminatory by police and the cossacks , resulting in the death of more than 100 workers with 300 workers wounded.

this started a series of events that became known as 1905 revolution. this incident is known as 'Bloody Sunday' in Russian history.

Two events after the Bloody Sunday which led to 1905 revolution were

  • The universities of Russia were closed down the when the students bodies staged walkouts , complaining about the lack of civil liberties
  • Lawyers , doctors , engineers , middle class workers established a union of unions and demanded a consituent assembly.
  • Effects of Bloody Sunday:

  • ·   Strikes took place all over the country
  • ·   Universities closed down when student bodies staged walkouts, complaining about the lack of civil liberties.
  • ·    Doctors, lawyers, engineers and other middle-class workers established the Union of Unions and demanded a Constituent Assembly.
  • ·   During the 1905 Revolution, the Tsar allowed the creation of an elected consultative Parliament or Duma.
  • ·   A large number of trade unions and factory committees made up of factory workers also existed for short time.
  • ·    After 1905, most committees and unions worked unofficially because they were declared illegal. Severe restrictions were placed on political activity.
  • Reaction of the Tsar: The Tsar dismissed the first Duma within 75 days and the re-elected second Duma within 3 months. The Tsar did not want any questioning of his supreme authority. He changed the voting laws and packed the third Duma with conservative politicians, keeping out liberals and revolutionaries.

     
     


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